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<P align="justify">Jábmiidáhkka was the major deity of the underworld, the ruler of the land of the dead, which according to a strong Saami tradition was a female deity. She was by nature ambivalent because, although she was the queen of a realm that resembled that of our world and was thus more or less a happy one, she also permitted the souls of the departed ({{Artikkelilinkki|1055|Death and the dead}}) to cause serious illnesses among the living ({{Artikkelilinkki|1051|Shamanism}}).</p> <P align="justify">According to present-day views, a female ruler of the underworld did not belong to the oldest Proto-Uralic stratum of beliefs; rather, a masculine being that was the opponent of the god of creation is regarded as original. It is possible that Jábmiidáhkka was not an original deity, or at least not the only ruler of the underworld. There was also another deity of the nether regions called Ruto.</p>
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