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<P align="justify">The Saami Parliam … <P align="justify">The Saami Parliament (Sameting): Norway was established in 1989.</p> <p> Legislation pertaining to the Saami progressed rapidly during the 1980s. This development was particularly influenced by a serious conflict between the Saami and the Norwegian government concerning the Alta-Kautokeino Dam project at the turn of the 1970s and 1980s. The fundamental condition for Saami self-determination is that they be officially recognized as an indigenous people. As a consequence of the Alta-Kautokeino Dam dispute, several committees were set up in Norway to deal with Saami questions. A report (Om sameness rettstilling ) of a Saami Rights committee (set up in 1980 to analyse the legal position of the Saami people) presented its its first recommendations and proposed three major goals for a Saami policy in 1984: 1) Norwegian Saami policy should respect the principles of international law; 2) the Saami should be recognized as an indigenous people with the right to safeguard and develop their language and culture and their occupational and social policy; 3) the Norwegian government should undertake to actively guarantee the Saami the right to engage in political activity in matters concerning themselves. These recommendations formed the basis for approval of the Saami Act and the addition of a new provision on Saami rights to the Norwegian Constitution, in 1987 and 1988 respectively. </p> <p>The Saami Parliament and other Saami rights are regulated by State Act no. 56 (Lov om sametinget og andre samiske rettsforhold), which was passed on 12 June 1987. In addition, the Norwegian Parliament (Storting) ratified the status of the Saami in an amendment (§110(a)) to the Constitution, which stipulates that it is the duty of the state of Norway to guarantee the Saami conditions which will enable them to protect and develop their language, culture and the occupational and social structure of their way of life. </p> <p>The contents of the Saami Act corresponds to the amendment of the Constitution. The Saami Actprovides that the Saami shall have their own national elected body called the Saami Parliament, the mandate of which embraces all matters relating to the Saami as a people. The Saami Parliament must be seen the central element in the fulfillment of the provision of the Constitution. The Constitution s § 100a has a concrete legal content and it seems quite clear that this constitutional amendment represents of Norway s obligation to the Saami purely on the basis of international law. Thus the obligations of the international conventions, such as the article 27 of the UN Covenant on Civil and Political rights must be included in the domestic Norwegian laws on the constitutional level as well. Even though § 110a does not use the term "indigenous people", it must be assumed that the state s obligation expressed in the Constitution is clearly based on exactly the fact, that the Saami are an indigenous people in Norway. Finally, Norway does this acknowledgement by ratifying the ILO-convention 169 in 1990. </p> <p> Parliament's task is to make proposals and issue statements on matters regarding the Saami people. In addition it has decision-making power regarding internal appointments. The Saami Act § 2-1 defines the following areas of activity and authority for the Saami Parliament as follows: </p> <p> <em>" The Saami parliament s area of activity includes all questions that the Parliament considers to relate to the Saami. The Sami Parliament can on its own initiative raise and issue statements on all questions within its area of activity. It can on its own initiative also raise questions before public authorities and private institutions etc. The Saami Parliament has the authority to make decisions when this follows from other provisions in the law or is decided in another way. " </em> </p> <p> It was a historic day for the Norwegian Saami when King Olav of Norway officially opened the first Saami Parliament on 9 October 1989 in Karasjok. Thirty-nine members are elected from thirteen constituencies all over the country. The political organs of the Saami Parliament are the Plenum, which is the highest body, the President and the Council (five members). The political activities are directed by the President and Deputy President, who are full-time officials, in conjunction with the Council. The Parliament itself has defined its mandate as twofold: 1) to be the Saami s elected political body and 2) to carry out the administrative tasks delegated to the Saami Parliament. It has given priority to its political activity with the goal of more real political authority.</p> <p> The Parliament convenes four times a year in a fine building which was officially built for the purpose in Karasjok in November 2000. Saami administration is dispersed, for while the Secretariat is located in Karasjok, four other Saami administrative bodies the Samisk kulturråd (which deals with matters pertaining to Saami culture), the Samisk språkråd (dealing with matters regarding language), the Samisk näringsråd (livelihood matters) and the Samisk kulturminneråd (cultural heritage) are located in different parts of the Saami area. In the performance of these function, the Saami Parliament allocates large sums of money every year to Saami individuals and associations and to Saami-owned companies in the form of grants and subsidies. The Saami Parliament reports to the Storting every year on its activities and the measures it has taken to support Saami language, culture and society.</p> <p> The Saami Parliament has developed into a very central and real political actor in Norwegian society and it really is involved in all questions concerning the Saami in Norway. The Parliament in Norway is also a far better economic framework than does the Parliaments in Finland and Sweden. </p>liaments in Finland and Sweden. </p> +
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