View source for Guksi (Saami drinking vessel)

{{Artikkeli
|sivun nimi=Guksi (Saami drinking vessel)
|kieli=englanti
|id=1107
|artikkeliteksti=<P align="justify">The word <i>guksi</i> means a drinking vessel resembling a ladle in shape. There are corresponding forms of the word in all the Saami languages. It is of the same origin as the Finnish word <i>kauha</i> ladle.</p>

<P align="justify"> In Swedish there are two phonetically and semantically similar words which resemble the Finnish and Saami words. One is found in the standard language: <i>kåsa</i> a (richly) decorated stemless drinking vessel usually with two (richly decorated large) handles; a (silver) wine goblet. The other, <i>koxa</i>, is mainly limited to the Norland dialect, and it means a small wooden or bone drinking vessel. This word also appears in Norwegian in the form <i>kosk(a)</i>.</p>

<P align="justify"> The Swedish <i>kåsa</i> is a loan word from Middle Low German <i>kouvese, kauseke</i> ladle, goblet, which in turn is a Baltic loan word, cf. Lithuanian <i>káu as</i>, Latvian <i>kauss</i> large ladle, wooden drinking vessel. This is also the origin of the North Saamiword <i>guksi</i> together with the other corresponding Saami and Baltic-Finnic forms. The Swedish and Norwegian word <i>koxa</i>, on the other hand, would appear to have been borrowed from Saami. This explanation is supported by the wide distribution of the <i>guksi</i> word throughout the Saami languages and the fact that there is no other explanation for the origin of the Swedish word <i>koxa</i>. If the pan-Saami <i>guksa</i> is, like the Baltic-Finnic kauha, a Baltic loan word, then the forms found in South, Ume and Pite Saami are phonetically exceptional. The divergent phonetic structure of the word in these cases can perhaps be explained by later analogy (with Swedish?).</p>

<P align="justify"> In any case the Baltic word would appear to have been very expansive. The South Saami <i>goåse</i> and the North Saame (dialect) <i>goasse</i> (silver) goblet are borrowings from the above-mentioned Swedish word <i>kåsa</i>, as is the Finnish dialect word <i>kousa</i> name day treat. From the same Baltic souce the word <i>koussi</i> a water scoop has passed into Finnish dialects via Russian.</p>

<P align="justify"> The Saami word has been borrowed into the Finnish dialects of Lapland in the forms <i>kuksa</i> and <i>kuksi</i> (Enontekiö) a cup made from the gnarl of a tree, a small wooden cup, a wooden ladle. </p>
{{Artikkelilinkki|1173|Guksi}}<BR><BR>
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